What consequences can occur in a database if transactions are not used?

The absence of transaction usage in a database can lead to several serious problems:

• Data integrity violations: without transactions, operations do not guarantee atomicity, and in case of failure, some changes may be saved while others are not.
• Race conditions: parallel operations may conflict, leading to inconsistent states.
• Data loss: if an operation is interrupted, data may remain in an intermediate, incorrect state.
• Isolation issues: without transactions, "dirty reads" are possible, where one operation reads uncommitted changes from another.

Transactions provide the ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability), which are critical for reliability and correctness when working with a database.