What methods can be used to eliminate or prevent deadlocks in a system?

To prevent deadlocks in Java, several approaches can be used:

• Avoid nested locks: minimize the number of locks held simultaneously.
• Order resource acquisition: always acquire locks in the same order.
• Use timeouts: apply methods with timeouts (e.g., tryLock with timeout) to avoid infinite waiting.
• Avoid locking when possible: use non-blocking data structures or atomic operations.

Example of lock acquisition ordering:

synchronized(lock1) {
    synchronized(lock2) {
        // work with resources
    }
}

Always acquire lock1 before lock2 to prevent cyclic waiting.