Explain what the Flyway tool is and how it is used in database management.

Flyway is a tool for database version control and migrations. It automates the process of updating the database schema by applying a sequence of migration scripts in a specific order. Each migration is an SQL script or Java code that modifies the structure or data in the database.

Using Flyway helps maintain schema consistency across different environments (development, testing, production) and facilitates team collaboration, as migrations are stored in a version control system.

Example of usage in a Java project:

Flyway flyway = Flyway.configure()
    .dataSource("jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb", "user", "password")
    .load();

flyway.migrate();

This will apply all new migrations to the database.