How do you implement object equality comparison using the equals method?

To correctly compare objects in Java using the equals method, you need to override this method in your class, considering all significant fields that determine object equality. General recommendations:

• Check that the object is not null.
• Check that the objects are of the same class.
• Compare all fields that affect equality.

Example implementation for the Person class:

@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
    if (this == obj) return true; // reference equality check
    if (obj == null || getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false; // null and class check
    Person other = (Person) obj;
    return Objects.equals(name, other.name) && age == other.age;
}

It is also recommended to override hashCode when overriding equals for correct operation in collections.