How is transaction management implemented in Hibernate?

In Hibernate, transaction management is implemented through the Transaction abstraction, which encapsulates work with database transactions.

Main points:

• A transaction begins with the call session.beginTransaction().
• All database operations between the start and commit of the transaction are performed within a single transaction.
• To save changes, transaction.commit() is called; in case of errors, transaction.rollback() is used.
• Hibernate can integrate with JTA (Java Transaction API) for managing distributed transactions.

Example:

Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction tx = null;
try {
    tx = session.beginTransaction();
    // operations with entities
    tx.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
    if (tx != null) tx.rollback();
    throw e;
} finally {
    session.close();
}

Thus, Hibernate provides a convenient and safe mechanism for transaction management, allowing control over the atomicity and consistency of database operations.