What is data normalization in Postgres and why is it needed?

Data normalization in Postgres is the process of organizing data in the database to minimize redundancy and ensure integrity. This is usually achieved by dividing data into related tables and establishing relationships between them through keys.

Why normalization is needed:

• It reduces data duplication, saving space and simplifying updates.
• It enhances data integrity, preventing anomalies during insert, update, and delete operations.
• It facilitates maintenance and expansion of the database.

Example: instead of storing information about clients and their orders in one table, data is normalized by creating separate clients and orders tables linked by client_id.