What methods exist to prevent or resolve deadlocks in systems?

Deadlocks occur when multiple threads or processes wait for each other, and none can continue. The following methods are used to prevent or eliminate deadlocks:

• Avoiding deadlocks: for example, using the Banker's algorithm, which checks whether resource allocation could lead to a deadlock.
• Preventing deadlocks: eliminating one of the necessary conditions for deadlock, such as always acquiring resources in a specific order.
• Detection and recovery: periodically checking the system for deadlocks and terminating or rolling back one of the processes.
• Using timeouts: if a thread cannot acquire a resource within a certain time, it releases already acquired resources and tries again later.

In Java, you can use tryLock with a timeout from java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock to avoid infinite waiting.