Can Throwable be considered an exception that must be handled or declared?

In Java, the Throwable class is the superclass of all errors and exceptions. However, not all objects of type Throwable are considered exceptions that must be handled or declared.

There are two main categories:

• Exception — exceptions that usually need to be handled or declared (checked exceptions), such as IOException.
• Error — errors that are generally not handled or declared, such as OutOfMemoryError.

Since Throwable includes both Exception and Error, it cannot be assumed that any Throwable must be handled or declared. Only checked exceptions (subclasses of Exception, except RuntimeException) need to be handled.

Example:

try {
    // code that might throw IOException
} catch (IOException e) {
    // handling
}

But errors like OutOfMemoryError are usually not handled.