Can you name the caching types used in Hibernate?

Hibernate uses two main types of caching:

1. First-Level Cache (Session Cache)

   • This is the first-level cache associated with a Hibernate session.
   • It is enabled by default and does not require configuration.
   • It caches objects within a single session to avoid repeated database queries.

2. Second-Level Cache

   • Cache at the SessionFactory level, accessible to all sessions.
   • Requires explicit configuration and a cache provider (e.g., Ehcache, Infinispan).
   • Used for caching data across sessions, improving performance for repeated queries.

There is also a Query Cache, which caches query results but requires the second-level cache to be enabled.

Thus, Hibernate employs a multi-level caching system to optimize data access.