How can transaction management be implemented within the Spring framework?

In Spring, transaction management is implemented using the @Transactional annotation and/or the programmatic API PlatformTransactionManager.

Main methods:

1. @Transactional Annotation
   • Placed above a class or method.
   • Spring automatically starts a transaction when entering the method and commits or rolls it back depending on the outcome.
   • You can configure parameters such as propagation, isolation, rollbackFor.

@Service
public class UserService {

    @Transactional
    public void createUser(User user) {
        userRepository.save(user);
        // other operations within the same transaction
    }
}

2. Programmatic Transaction Management
   • Uses PlatformTransactionManager and TransactionTemplate.
   • Allows more flexible transaction control, for example, in complex scenarios.

@Autowired
private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;

public void doInTransaction() {
    TransactionTemplate template = new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager);
    template.execute(status -> {
        // code within transaction
        return null;
    });
}

Spring supports declarative transaction management, which simplifies code and improves readability. It is important to properly configure DataSource and TransactionManager in the application configuration.