What is heap?

Heap is a region of dynamic memory used for storing objects and data whose lifetime is not limited to the scope of a function or block of code. In Java, the heap is the part of memory allocated by the JVM for placing objects during program execution.

Features of heap in Java:

• Objects are created in the heap using the new operator.
• Memory management in the heap is handled by the garbage collector.
• The heap is divided into generations (Young Generation, Old Generation) to optimize garbage collection.
• The heap differs from the stack, where local variables and function calls are stored.

Example: when creating an object new String("hello"), memory for this object is allocated in the heap.

Thus, the heap is a memory area for dynamically created objects managed by the garbage collector.