How did you perform data deduplication?

Data deduplication is the process of removing duplicate records to optimize storage and improve data quality.

In Java, deduplication is often achieved using:

• Set collections (e.g., HashSet), which automatically exclude duplicates:

List<String> list = Arrays.asList("a", "b", "a", "c");
Set<String> unique = new HashSet<>(list);

• Stream API with the distinct() method:

List<String> uniqueList = list.stream()
    .distinct()
    .collect(Collectors.toList());

• For complex objects, override equals() and hashCode() to compare objects correctly.

• For large volumes of data or databases, use SQL queries with DISTINCT or grouping.

• For more complex deduplication (e.g., considering similarity), apply comparison and clustering algorithms.