What are the main difficulties that may arise when using the escaping mechanism of closures?

The main challenges when using escaping closures in Swift are related to memory management and object lifecycle:

• Memory leaks due to strong reference cycles (retain cycles). Escaping closures can capture self or other objects, creating cycles that prevent memory from being released. To avoid this, [weak self] or [unowned self] are often used in the capture list.

• Asynchrony and state. Escaping closures are executed later, possibly after the current context has exited. This can lead to situations where the objects referenced by the closure no longer exist or are in an unexpected state.

• Debugging complexity. Due to the asynchronous nature and potential delays in closure invocation, it is more difficult to trace errors and understand the execution order of the code.

Example of using with weak self:

func fetchData(completion: @escaping () -> Void) {
    networkRequest { [weak self] in
        guard let self = self else { return }
        // work with self
        completion()
    }
}