In what situations does a conflict arise when using resources or data?

Conflicts when using resources or data occur when multiple processes or threads try to access the same resource simultaneously without proper synchronization. In iOS, this can manifest, for example, in:

• Concurrent access to shared data (such as an array or dictionary) from different threads.
• Attempting to read and write a file at the same time.
• Using shared hardware resources (such as the camera or GPS) by multiple components.

Such situations lead to race conditions, data corruption, or unpredictable application behavior.

To prevent conflicts, synchronization mechanisms are used: DispatchQueue queues (especially serial), locks (NSLock, @synchronized), atomic operations, etc.