How is high search speed achieved in data structures?

High search speed in data dictionary structures is achieved through the use of hashing or balanced trees.

For example, in hash tables, the key is transformed into an array index using a hash function, which allows access to the value in amortized O(1) time. In case of collisions, collision resolution methods (chaining, open addressing) are used.

Other data structures, such as balanced binary trees (e.g., red-black trees), are also used, where search, insertion, and deletion are performed in O(log n).

An example in Swift using a dictionary, which is implemented based on a hash table:

var dict = [String: Int]()
dict["apple"] = 3
if let value = dict["apple"] {
    print("Value: \(value)")
}

Thus, the key factor is the efficient organization of data and algorithms for accessing them.