What are the cases in enumeration (enum)?

The following cases exist in enumeration:

• Raw-value cases: Associated with a specific value of the base type (Int, String, Character, Float). Values are explicitly set or automatically generated for Int and String.

  enum CompassPoint: String {
      case north = "N"
      case south //rawValue not specified, defaults to "south"
      case east = "E"
      case west = "W"
  }
  let direction = CompassPoint.north.rawValue // "N"
  

• Associated-value cases: Can have associated values of any types, providing additional context or data. They do not have a raw value or base type.

  enum Barcode {
      case upc(Int, Int, Int, Int)
      case qrCode(String)
  }
  let productBarcode = Barcode.upc(8, 85909, 51226, 3)
  

• Recursive cases: Marked with the indirect keyword and allow the enumeration to have associated values of the same enumeration type. Used for representing recursive data structures like trees.

  indirect enum ArithmeticExpression {
      case number(Int)
      case addition(ArithmeticExpression, ArithmeticExpression)
      case multiplication(ArithmeticExpression, ArithmeticExpression)
  }
  let five = ArithmeticExpression.number(5)
  let four = ArithmeticExpression.number(4)
  let sum = ArithmeticExpression.addition(five, four)
  let product = ArithmeticExpression.multiplication(sum, ArithmeticExpression.number(2))