Can you explain what is meant by the term 'capacity' in the context of systems or applications?

The term "capacity" in the context of systems or applications usually refers to the maximum capacity or resource limit that a system can handle or store.

For example, in iOS:

• Memory capacity can mean the available RAM or disk space.
• In collections such as arrays or buffers, capacity is the maximum number of elements that can be stored without reallocating memory.

Example: an array with a capacity of 10 can contain up to 10 elements, even if the current length is less.

More broadly, capacity can refer to:

• Network bandwidth.
• The number of concurrent users a server can serve.
• The maximum load a system can handle without performance degradation.

Understanding capacity helps optimize resource usage and plan for scaling.