How does Auto Layout use constraints to determine the position and size of interface elements?

Auto Layout in iOS uses a system of constraints to determine the position and size of interface elements. Each constraint describes a relationship between two elements (or an element and a constant) in the form of an equation, for example:

view1.leading = view2.trailing + 10
view1.width = 100

The system collects all such constraints and solves them simultaneously to calculate the exact coordinates and sizes of all elements.

Main types of constraints:

• Positional (leading, trailing, top, bottom, centerX, centerY)
• Sizes (width, height)
• Relationships between sizes (for example, the width of one element is twice that of another)

Auto Layout allows adapting the interface to different screen sizes and orientations, automatically redistributing space according to the specified rules.