Is it possible to determine which element is displayed on the screen without using visibility calculations?

Determining which element is displayed on the screen without visibility calculations is nearly impossible, as display depends on many factors: element positions, sizes, overlapping, transparency, etc.

In iOS, methods that consider these parameters are used to check visibility, such as checking frame intersection with the visible screen area (CGRectIntersectsRect), and properties like isHidden, alpha, and others.

Without such calculations, only assumptions based on hierarchy and element states can be made, but an exact answer cannot be obtained. Therefore, visibility calculations are a standard and necessary approach to determine what is actually displayed.