How do programming languages that require pre-compilation differ from those that run directly without compilation?

Programming languages that require pre-compilation convert source code into machine code or intermediate bytecode before execution. This allows for higher performance and error detection at compile time. Examples include: C, C++, Swift.

Interpreted languages are executed directly without compilation, reading and executing code line-by-line at runtime. This simplifies debugging and speeds up development cycles but may reduce performance. Examples include: Python, JavaScript.

For example, Swift code is compiled into a binary file that runs directly, while JavaScript code is interpreted by the browser during runtime.