What does the init method do?

Method init in Swift:

• Initializer: A special method used to create a new instance of a class, struct, or enumeration.
• Property setup: Its main task is to initialize or set initial values for the instance's properties.
• State guarantee: Ensures that the instance is in a correct, fully initialized state before use.
• No return value: Initializers do not return any value.
• Can have parameters: Can accept parameters to configure the created instance.
• Cannot be called directly: Initializers are called implicitly when creating an instance using the syntax ClassName().

Example of a simple initializer:

class Person {
    let name: String
    var age: Int?

    init(name: String, age: Int? = nil) {
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
    }
}