Could you give an example of using dynamic memory allocation for storing a data structure?

In iOS, classes that manage memory automatically, such as NSMutableArray or Swift Array, are often used for dynamic memory allocation. But if we talk about a lower level, functions like malloc and free can be used to allocate memory for a data structure.

Example in Swift using UnsafeMutablePointer for a dynamic array of structures:

struct Point {
    var x: Int
    var y: Int
}

let count = 5
let pointer = UnsafeMutablePointer<Point>.allocate(capacity: count)

for i in 0..<count {
    pointer.advanced(by: i).initialize(to: Point(x: i, y: i * 2))
}

// Using the data
for i in 0..<count {
    let point = pointer.advanced(by: i).pointee
    print("Point \(i): (\(point.x), \(point.y))")
}

// Freeing memory
pointer.deinitialize(count: count)
pointer.deallocate()

This approach allows manual memory management, which is useful when working with low-level APIs or optimizing performance.