Why is it preferable to use built-in mechanisms for synchronization in Go rather than system mutexes?

In Go, it is preferable to use built-in synchronization mechanisms such as sync.Mutex, sync.RWMutex, and channels because they are optimized for Go's concurrency model and are closely integrated with the goroutine scheduler.

Main reasons:

• Lightweight: Mutexes from the sync package operate at the language level and do not always invoke system calls, reducing overhead.
• Integration with the scheduler: The Go runtime can efficiently manage locks and goroutine switching, minimizing idle time.
• Simplicity and safety: Built-in mechanisms have a convenient API and are less prone to errors than direct use of system mutexes.

Example of using sync.Mutex:

var mu sync.Mutex
var counter int

func increment() {
    mu.Lock()
    defer mu.Unlock()
    counter++
}

Using system mutexes directly usually requires cgo calls, which complicates the code and reduces performance.