Can you explain what it means when threads or goroutines in Go remain blocked due to insufficient resource access, and how is this related to Starvation?

In Go, a situation where goroutines remain blocked due to insufficient access to resources is called starvation.

This occurs when some goroutines constantly gain access to needed resources (e.g., channels, mutexes), while others cannot continue working and 'starve' — they wait but do not get the opportunity to execute.

Causes of starvation:

• Unfair scheduling, where some goroutines are given priority.
• Resource capture by some goroutines without releasing.

As a result, goroutines become blocked and cannot progress, leading to decreased performance and potential deadlocks.

To prevent starvation, use:

• Proper management of locks (e.g., using sync.Mutex, sync.RWMutex).
• Avoid long-lasting locks.
• Use channels and other synchronization tools as intended.

Example: if one goroutine constantly reads from a channel, and another tries to write to it but does not get access, the second can 'starve'.