Can you explain how a dynamic array is implemented and works in Go?

In Go language, a dynamic array is implemented through the slice type — a structure that contains a pointer to an array, a length, and a capacity.

When a slice is created, it points to a fixed-size underlying array. If, when adding elements, the length of the slice reaches its capacity, a new array with increased capacity (usually twice as large) is created, and the data is copied into it. This allows efficient memory management and dynamic array expansion.

Example:

var s []int           // empty slice
s = append(s, 1)      // add an element
s = append(s, 2, 3)   // add multiple elements
fmt.Println(s)        // [1 2 3]

Here, append automatically expands the underlying array when necessary, hiding memory management details from the developer.