Can you explain how Hyper-Threading technology works in processors?

Hyper-Threading is a technology developed by Intel that allows a single physical processor core to function as two logical cores. This is achieved by enabling the core to process multiple instruction streams simultaneously, efficiently utilizing processor resources that might otherwise be idle.

Working principle:

• Each physical core creates two logical cores.
• The operating system sees these logical cores as separate processors and can assign tasks to them in parallel.
• Inside the core, resources (such as execution units, cache) are shared between threads, increasing overall performance in multitasking.

Example: if one thread is waiting for data from memory, another thread can use the processor's execution units without idling.

Thus, Hyper-Threading improves processor efficiency, especially in multi-threaded applications, but does not double performance, as core resources are still shared.