What is a collision and how to deal with it?

Collision — a situation where two different values or objects receive the same representation, for example, the same hash in a hash table or a name conflict.

In Go, collisions often occur in hash tables (maps) when different keys have the same hash.

How to deal with collisions:

1. Use good hash functions that distribute keys evenly.
2. Collision resolution:
   • Chaining method — store a list of elements with the same hash in one cell.
   • Open addressing — search for another free cell.
3. Avoid name conflicts: use unique names, namespaces.

In Go, the built-in map already implements efficient collision resolution, so developers do not encounter this directly during normal use. However, when implementing custom data structures or algorithms, it is important to consider these aspects.