What distinguishes a process from a thread in terms of memory management and how does it affect their interaction?

A process is an isolated execution of a program with its own address space. Each process has its own virtual memory, and the data of one process is not directly accessible to another.

A thread (goroutine in Go) is a lightweight execution thread within a process that shares the process's memory and resources with other threads. Threads within the same process can access shared memory, which simplifies data exchange but requires synchronization to prevent race conditions.

Impact on interaction:

• Between processes, data is transferred via inter-process communication (IPC), which is slower and more complex.
• Threads within a process can exchange data quickly through shared memory, but access must be controlled.

In Go, a goroutine is not exactly a system thread but a more lightweight abstraction managed by the Go runtime, allowing efficient use of system threads.