How are conditional operators (if) implemented under the hood at the assembly level?

Conditional if operators at the assembly level are implemented using comparison instructions and conditional jumps.

The main idea is as follows:

1. A comparison of values is performed (for example, using the CMP instruction in x86).
2. The processor flags are set based on the comparison result.
3. Conditional jumps are used (for example, JE, JNE, JL, JG, etc.), which jump to a specific label in the code if the condition is true or false.

An example in pseudo-assembly:

CMP R1, 0        ; compare R1 with 0
JE  label_else   ; if equal, jump to else
; code for if
JMP label_end    ; jump to end
label_else:
; code for else
label_end:

Thus, the if-construction reduces to checking a condition and jumping to an address depending on the result.