What are the advantages and disadvantages of using caching in systems?

Advantages of caching:

• Faster data access — frequently used data is stored for quick access, reducing delays.
• Reduced load on the database or external services — decreases the number of requests to slow sources.
• Improved system performance — especially during repetitive operations.

Disadvantages of caching:

• Increased application complexity — managing cache lifetime, invalidation, and synchronization is required.
• Risk of stale data — if the cache is not updated timely, incorrect information may be retrieved.
• Additional memory consumption — cache requires dedicated resources.

In Go, caching is often implemented using data structures like maps with mutexes for thread safety, or third-party libraries. It is important to choose the right caching strategy and data lifetime.