How is interaction via a buffered channel implemented and how is data transferred?

In Go, a buffered channel is created by specifying the buffer size, for example: ch := make(chan int, 3). Such a channel can hold up to 3 elements without blocking the sender.

When transmitting data through a buffered channel:

• The sender (chan <- value) places the value into the channel buffer. If the buffer is not full, the operation does not block.
• If the buffer is full, the sender blocks until there is space available.
• The receiver (value := <- chan) retrieves a value from the buffer. If the buffer is empty, the receiver blocks until data becomes available.

Example:

ch := make(chan int, 2)

ch <- 1 // does not block, buffer now has 1 element
ch <- 2 // does not block, buffer now has 2 elements (full buffer)

fmt.Println(<-ch) // outputs 1, freeing space in the buffer
ch <- 3 // now it can send, as there is space

Thus, buffered channels allow temporary storage of data and reduce blocking between goroutines.