What is the difference between a process and a thread?

A process is an isolated execution unit with its own address space, resources, and memory. A thread (goroutine in Go) is a lightweight execution thread within a process that shares memory and resources of the process.

Main differences:

• Processes are isolated, threads are not.
• Creating and switching between threads is faster than between processes.
• Threads can efficiently exchange data through shared memory, processes — through inter-process communication.

In Go, goroutines are an abstraction of threads, allowing you to easily run thousands of parallel tasks with minimal overhead.