What are indexes?

In the context of databases and data structures, indexes are special structures that speed up data search and retrieval. They work like pointers or tables of contents, allowing quick access to the needed records without scanning the entire dataset.

In Go, indexes are not directly part of the language, but when working with databases through drivers or ORM, indexes are created at the DBMS level to optimize queries. For example, in SQL, an index on a column can speed up WHERE, JOIN, and sorting operations.

Example: if you have a user table with an index on the email field, searching for a user by email will be significantly faster than without an index.