How does Go manage memory?

Go manages memory using a built-in garbage collector, which automatically frees unused memory. Memory is allocated dynamically through functions like new and make, and the garbage collector periodically searches for objects that are no longer referenced and frees them.

Additionally, Go uses a stack and heap: local variables are usually placed on the stack, which is fast and efficient, while objects with a longer lifespan are stored on the heap. The compiler and runtime analyze where to place variables to optimize performance.

Example of memory allocation:

p := new(int) // allocates memory for an int and returns a pointer
*p = 42

Thus, developers do not need to manually manage memory, which reduces the likelihood of errors related to leaks and double freeing.