What exactly initiates the launch of a new goroutine in a Go program?

In Go, a new goroutine is launched using the keyword go, followed by a call to a function or method. This initiates the asynchronous execution of the function in a separate lightweight thread.

Example:

func sayHello() {
    fmt.Println("Hello from goroutine")
}

func main() {
    go sayHello() // launch goroutine
    // To see the result, you need to wait, for example, using time.Sleep
    time.Sleep(time.Second)
}

Thus, the go operator specifically initiates the launch of a new goroutine.