Do you know the concept of negative cache?

Negative caching is a caching technique where not only successful query results are stored in the cache, but also information about errors or absence of data. For example, if a database query does not find the required record, instead of making a repeated request to the database, a special value (such as null or an error) can be stored in the cache, so that subsequent requests immediately return this result.

This helps reduce the load on the data source and speeds up the processing of repeated requests, especially if data absence is a common case. It is important to set a reasonable time-to-live for such negative entries to avoid keeping outdated information for too long.