Can you explain the internal structure and operation of a hash table?

A hash table is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and provides fast access to data based on the key.

The internal structure usually consists of an array of buckets. For each key, a hash function computes an index in the array. This index points to a bucket where the value is stored.

If multiple keys produce the same index (collision), the bucket may store a list or another structure to resolve collisions (e.g., linked list or tree).

Main operations:

• Insertion: compute hash, find bucket, add key-value pair.
• Search: compute hash, look for key in bucket.
• Deletion: find key and remove from bucket.

In Go, hash tables are implemented as the built-in map type, optimized for fast access and memory management.