What happens when different inputs produce the same hash value in a hash table?

When different input data produce the same hash value in a hash table, it is called a collision. In this case, the hash table must handle the situation correctly to preserve all elements.

In Go (Golang), collisions are handled using methods similar to chaining or open addressing:

• Chaining: a list of elements with the same hash is stored in one cell of the hash table. When a collision occurs, the new element is added to this list.

• Open addressing: upon collision, the next free cell is searched according to a specific algorithm (e.g., linear or quadratic probing).

In the standard implementation of map in Go, a complex mechanism with dynamic redistribution of elements and multiple levels of hashing is used to minimize collisions and ensure high performance.

Thus, when the same hash value occurs, data is not lost; instead, the hash table stores it correctly, providing access by key.