How can the transaction interaction mode be determined in a system to ensure their correct operation?

The transaction interaction mode in the system is determined by the isolation level of transactions, which defines how and when changes made by one transaction become visible to others. To ensure proper transaction operation, it is important to choose an appropriate isolation level, balancing between performance and data integrity.

In Go, when working with databases through the database/sql package, you can set the isolation level at the start of a transaction:

import (
    "context"
    "database/sql"
)

func startTransaction(db *sql.DB) (*sql.Tx, error) {
    ctx := context.Background()
    tx, err := db.BeginTx(ctx, &sql.TxOptions{
        Isolation: sql.LevelSerializable, // the strictest isolation level
    })
    return tx, err
}

Main isolation levels:

• Read Uncommitted — allows seeing uncommitted changes (dirty read).
• Read Committed — only committed changes are visible.
• Repeatable Read — guarantees that data read in a transaction will not change until it ends.
• Serializable — the strictest, transactions are executed as if sequential.

The choice depends on data integrity requirements and performance. To ensure correct transaction operation, it is necessary to define and explicitly set the appropriate isolation level.