What is the result of assigning a value to a variable when using the defer statement, when its value is set inside a function?

In Go, the keyword defer postpones the execution of a function until the surrounding function exits. The arguments of the function passed to defer are evaluated immediately at the moment of the defer statement, not at the time of execution.

If a variable is used inside a function called via defer, then the value of the variable will be the one at the moment of the defer declaration if it is passed as an argument. If the variable is used directly (for example, through a closure), then its current value at the time of the deferred function's execution will be used.

Example:

func example() {
    x := 1
    defer fmt.Println(x) // x will be 1, as the argument is evaluated immediately
    x = 2
}

// When calling example(), it will output: 1

If a closure is used:

func example() {
    x := 1
    defer func() { fmt.Println(x) }() // the function will be called at exit, x will be 2
    x = 2
}

// When calling example(), it will output: 2

Thus, the result of assigning a variable in defer depends on how the variable is used — as a function argument or through a closure.