Case: it is necessary to implement smooth animation of a car on the map. Telemetry (latitude, longitude, angle) comes twice a second, the car jumps between coordinates. How would you implement this?

For smooth animation of a vehicle on the map when updating telemetry twice a second, interpolation between the received coordinates and angles can be used.

Main idea:

1. When new data (latitude, longitude, angle) is received, save the current and new values.
2. Start an animation that smoothly changes the vehicle's position and angle from the current values to the new ones over a period of time, for example, 500 ms (since data arrives every 500 ms).
3. Linear interpolation (LERP) can be used for coordinates and angles.
4. The animation can be implemented using requestAnimationFrame for smoothness.

Example in JavaScript (using Leaflet or a similar library):

let currentPos = {lat: 0, lng: 0, angle: 0};
let targetPos = {lat: 0, lng: 0, angle: 0};
let animationStart = null;
const animationDuration = 500; // ms

function lerp(start, end, t) {
  return start + (end - start) * t;
}

function animate(timestamp) {
  if (!animationStart) animationStart = timestamp;
  const progress = Math.min((timestamp - animationStart) / animationDuration, 1);

  const lat = lerp(currentPos.lat, targetPos.lat, progress);
  const lng = lerp(currentPos.lng, targetPos.lng, progress);
  const angle = lerp(currentPos.angle, targetPos.angle, progress);

  // Update vehicle position and angle on the map
  updateCarOnMap(lat, lng, angle);

  if (progress < 1) {
    requestAnimationFrame(animate);
  } else {
    currentPos = {...targetPos};
    animationStart = null;
  }
}

function onTelemetryReceived(newLat, newLng, newAngle) {
  targetPos = {lat: newLat, lng: newLng, angle: newAngle};
  animationStart = null;
  requestAnimationFrame(animate);
}

Thus, between coordinate updates, the vehicle will smoothly move and turn, avoiding 'jumps'.