How do you get an object's property in JavaScript?

There are two main ways:

1. Dot access (.): Used when the property name is known in advance and is a valid JavaScript identifier.

   const obj = { name: 'Alice' };
   const name = obj.name; // 'Alice'
   

2. Bracket access ([]): Used when the property name is stored in a variable, contains special characters (spaces, hyphens, etc.), or is a number.

   const obj = { 'user-name': 'Bob', 123: 'number property' };
   const propertyName = 'user-name';
   const userName = obj[propertyName]; // 'Bob'
   const numberProperty = obj[123]; // 'number property'
   

Additionally:

• Object destructuring: Allows extracting properties from an object into separate variables.

  const obj = { firstName: 'Charlie', lastName: 'Brown' };
  const { firstName, lastName } = obj;
  // firstName = 'Charlie'
  // lastName = 'Brown'
  

• Optional chaining operator (?.): Safely accesses nested properties, preventing errors if intermediate properties are missing.

  const obj = { user: { profile: { age: 30 } } };
  const age = obj.user?.profile?.age; // 30
  
  const anotherObj = { user: {} };
  const city = anotherObj.user?.profile?.city; // undefined (no error)