Tell about data types in JavaScript (null, undefined, string, number, bigint, object, symbol). How does the typeof operator work? List falsy values.

JavaScript has several fundamental data types:

• null — a special value indicating "absence of value";
• undefined — the value of a variable that has not been assigned a value;
• string — a sequence of characters;
• number — a numeric value (integer or floating-point);
• bigint — integers of arbitrary length;
• object — objects, arrays, functions, and other complex structures;
• symbol — unique and immutable identifiers.

The typeof operator returns a string indicating the type of the operand, for example:

typeof 42; // "number"
typeof null; // "object" (language peculiarity)
typeof undefined; // "undefined"
typeof Symbol(); // "symbol"

It is important to remember that typeof null returns "object" due to a historical bug.

Falsy values are values that become false when converted to a boolean. These include:

• false
• 0
• -0
• 0n (BigInt zero)
• "" (empty string)
• null
• undefined
• NaN

All other values are considered truthy.