What are the purposes of the methods e.preventDefault() and e.stopPropagation() in JavaScript?

• e.preventDefault() cancels the default browser action for the event. For example, clicking on a link will no longer cause navigation, and submitting a form will not reload the page.

• e.stopPropagation() stops the event from bubbling up (propagating) through the DOM tree. The event will not reach parent elements that may also have handlers attached.

Using them together may be necessary when you want to completely intercept the event handling on a specific element and prevent any further impact on other parts of the document or the default browser behavior.