Tell me, what is Module Federation and what does it include?

Module Federation is a technology introduced in Webpack 5 that allows multiple independent frontend applications (microfrontends) to dynamically load and use modules from each other at runtime.

Key features and components of Module Federation:

• Dynamic import of modules from other builds without the need for prior integration.
• Shared dependencies — prevents duplication of libraries, such as React, across applications.
• Isolation and independence of builds — each application can be developed and deployed separately.

Includes:

• Host — the application that loads modules from other applications.
• Remote — the application that provides its modules for use by others.

Example configuration in Webpack:

new ModuleFederationPlugin({
  name: 'app1',
  remotes: {
    app2: 'app2@http://localhost:3002/remoteEntry.js',
  },
  shared: ['react', 'react-dom'],
})

Thus, Module Federation facilitates the creation of scalable microfrontend architectures with shared code and dependencies.