How does Dart manage garbage collection and memory optimization?

Dart uses automatic garbage collection (GC) with generational algorithms, dividing objects into young and old generations.

• The young generation contains recently created objects, which are often quickly discarded.
• The old generation contains longer-lived objects.

Garbage collection occurs more frequently in the young generation, improving performance because most objects become unnecessary quickly.

Additionally, Dart optimizes memory usage through:

• Compilation to native code (AOT), reducing overhead.
• Use of efficient data structures and reference management.

Thus, GC in Dart helps automatically free unused memory, reducing leaks and increasing stability.