Can you explain what is meant by the data structure Map and how it works?

Map is a data structure that stores key-value pairs, allowing quick access to values by key. In Dart (and Flutter), Map is implemented as a hash table, providing efficient access, insertion, and deletion of elements.

For example, a Map can be used to store user settings, where the key is the setting name and the value is its value.

Example of using Map in Dart:

void main() {
  Map<String, int> ages = {
    'Ivan': 25,
    'Maria': 30,
  };

  // Adding an element
  ages['Peter'] = 40;

  // Getting a value by key
  print('Maria's age: ${ages['Maria']}');

  // Checking if a key exists
  if (ages.containsKey('Ivan')) {
    print('Ivan is in the Map');
  }
}