Can you explain what runtime compilation is and what are the main features of AOT compilation?

Runtime compilation (JIT, Just-In-Time) is the process of converting bytecode or intermediate code into machine code directly during program execution. This allows optimizing the code for a specific device and execution conditions.

AOT compilation (Ahead-Of-Time) is compilation that occurs before the application is launched, usually at build time. As a result, native machine code is produced, which runs immediately without additional compilation during runtime.

Main features of AOT compilation:

• Fast application startup, as there is no need to compile code during execution.
• Lower resource consumption during operation, as JIT compilation is absent.
• Optimization opportunities at build time.
• However, it may be less flexible and adaptive compared to JIT.

In Flutter, AOT is used for building release versions of applications, ensuring high performance and quick startup.