What is end-to-end encryption and how does it relate to TLS?

End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is a method of encryption where data is encrypted on the sender's device and decrypted only on the recipient's device, without intermediate nodes (such as servers) being able to read the content.

TLS (Transport Layer Security) provides a secure communication channel between two points (for example, a client and a server), encrypting data during transmission. However, the server receiving the data can decrypt and process it.

Thus, TLS protects data in transit, while E2EE protects data from everyone except the end communication participants. In E2EE systems, even servers do not have access to message content, which increases the level of confidentiality.