Can you explain what is meant by the concept of user space?

User space is a region of memory and execution where user applications and processes run, separated from the operating system kernel. In user space, programs do not have direct access to hardware resources and are protected from kernel failures, which enhances system stability and security.

For example, when you launch a browser or a text editor, they operate in user space, and system calls (such as reading a file) are passed to the kernel, which executes them with the necessary privileges.